On 25th June, JTC Team A7 (Transregionale Just Transition Governance) organised a film screening with discussion at Puschkino about the documentary „Operation Afrika. Die Jagd nach den Rohstoffen der Zukunft“ (ARTE/HR, STREETSFILM, 2024, “Operation Africa. Hunt for the Raw Materials of the Future“).
The film follows the global search for critical raw materials in Africa and examines the geopolitical and economic dynamics, as well as the enormous social and environmental consequences of raw material extraction, through three case studies: cobalt mining in small-scale mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a green hydrogen project in Namibia, and the oil-plagued Niger Delta in Nigeria, which continues to supply Europe with natural gas as part of the energy transition.
Following the screening, the filmmakers Philipp Sandner and Johannes Meier discussed the implications of the global energy transition with political scientist Dr Jasper Finkeldey, lawyer Lea Nele Schmidt and geologist Nico Kropp. The discussion was moderated by PD Dr Katrin Seidel, team leader of the JTC Innovation Team A7.
The panel discussion focused on the links between the extraction of raw materials necessary for the energy transition, the lack of regulation surrounding this, and the associated physical and ethical costs for people and nature. The combination of the film, the panel discussion and the subsequent open discussion created a lively atmosphere that encouraged many visitors to engage with the topics and join in the conversation.
The filmmakers spoke about the challenges they faced during filming and the moments that had broadened their personal horizons. They were also able to provide an update on the projects featured in the 2024 film. The scientists discussed the challenges arising from the demand for raw materials. It became clear that, for example, recycling alone will not be able to meet demand, as many rare earths are locked up in existing components for long periods (e.g. 20–40 years in wind turbines). Instead, extraction should become more efficient, not only through new mining – including in Europe – but also by increasing the yield from existing mining waste products.
Lea Schmidt outlined the requirements under international law and national legislation, but also emphasised the importance of voluntary commitments by companies and the fact that these can be effective provided there are regulatory and supervisory institutions in place.
There were numerous questions and comments from the audience, for example regarding individual projects, how the film was received in the countries and communities featured, and a point raised about rising demand for raw materials and energy – partly driven by an aspect not previously highlighted, namely increasing digitalisation and artificial intelligence.
The evening concluded with an informal get-together over drinks and snacks. The JTC Team A7 would like to extend their warmest thanks to all those involved.
The event took place as part of the international workshop on ‘Transregional Ressourc Governance and Value Chains’ and formed the public part of the academic exchange.
